Arthrosis (osteoarthrosis or deformity of osteoarthrosis (DOA), or deforming arthrosis)- The disease of the joints, in which the nodes jump is affected by the initial stages, then the muscles, ligaments, nerves, as well as bone tissue, are included in the pathological process.
Arthrosis is a disease that develops for various causes.These include metabolic disorders, injuries, intoxication, etc.
Patients usually call "arthrosis" any common disease, in which pain, restrictions of mobility and other unpleasant sensations in the area of one or more joints are observed, which is not always true.Osteoarthritis and pain associated with it develop as a result of "aging" joints, due to the effects of various negative factors, however, the causes of articular pain may be infection and damage, and in these cases we are talking about other pathologies.
Statistics
Up to 70% of patients in the appointment of a general physician, therapist, neurologist, surgeon, rheumatologist complain of articular pain.Most often, these are pain in the lower back and area of large joints (knee, hip).All over the world, and in Russia in particular, up to 70% of cases of long -term disability for work falls into osteoarthritis.There are plenty of patients - up to 10% of those who consisted with the physician as a result of advanced arthritis receive disabilities and need continued help.Arthrosis is one of the main reasons for the premature removal of a person from a full social life, in statistics it is second only to coronary heart disease.
The probability of developing arthritis increases with age: in people over 50, it occurs in 27% of cases, in people older than 70 years of age, the prevalence is 97%, due to the age -related loaded load on the node and expiration of their normal functioning.
Causes and development
The main factor in the development of arthrosis is a violation of articular cartilage food, which leads to its destruction.It is not so important, as a result of which this occurs (excessive weight, professional sport, work features, hormonal disorders, common congenital defects, etc.), the result is the same: the result:
- In the joint cartilage, changes begin, which lead to a loss of elasticity;In the thickness of the cartilage, micrococks appear;
- The blood supply to the coupling is disturbed, the production of joint fluid decreases, the joint mechanics changes;
- Then all the common structures, adjacent muscles and nerve endings are included.
The degenerative disorders listed lead to the development of arthrosis symptoms, and the disease "begins" when the constant mechanical load becomes transcendental for the joint (or joints) and causes its destruction processes.
Symptoms
Unlike other common pathologies, arthritis has been developing for many years, for a long time and significantly for humans.When the body signals the problem in fusion with severe pain, the pathological process in it has already begun.
Pain is the main symptom of arthrosis (osteoarthrosis), in the early stages of pain not too pronounced, weak, more comparable to discomfort.Unpleasant sensations in the joints occur after the load is done independently, without any medical or medicinal intervention, but they quickly become tangible and limit the usual human movement.
Pain can occur at rest or at the beginning of movement (so -called "start"), for example, in the morning after sleep or after a long decrease during the day in a position, when moving, they pass.Arthrosis is also characterized by night rest, which also decreases rapidly with the onset of motor activity.Patients encountered by common problems usually say that to eliminate unpleasant sensations, "cook bones", "awaken the joints", which, in general, accurately characterize this condition.
Pain arises not only because of the disorders of the joint itself.When all ingredients of the joint, muscles and nerve endings are involved in the process, the pain becomes varied and painful: "shoot" along the nerve that spreads along the muscles.Blood supply to the joints, nerves, muscles worry, degenerative changes occur quickly in them.
Temporary or continuous restrictions on joint movement (contracting) develop due to serious pathological changes in articular tissues and muscles.For example, with arthrosis of the hip joints, the shortening of the limbs, the "skew" of the pelvis and the curvature of the spinal column occur occur.
Crunch in the joints in the initial stages is almost invisible, but while the disease develops when moving, it becomes constant.This symptom psychologically concerns patients with arthrosis even more than pain, as it shows serious disorders, body aging and skeletal muscle system in particular.
In the later stages of arthrosis, the locking is deformed, which is associated with the loss of bending all articular surfaces, bone growth, a decrease in the amount of joint fluid and a subluxation of the joint.
PHASE
Depending on the severity of the symptoms, several stages of osteoarthrosis are distinguished.
In the first stage, there is no pain at rest and during moderate load, they only appear after a high load (gym, weight transfer, jogging) or after a long static position.A person does not undergo restrictions and difficulties in motion.Drug treatment is not required.
In the second phase of pain, pronounced and persistent, arise quickly under the influence of provocative factors (prolonged walking, physical activity), do not pass on their own.The patient is limited in motion, the mobility of certain joints - knee, hip and others is severely limited.Medical help is required, a treatment regimen should be prescribed, including medicines and non -Drug methods.
In the third stage, the patient moves with difficulty, needs constant care, painful pain.As a rule, surgical treatment (endoprosthetics) and mass physiotherapy are needed to restore the quality of life.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis already appear at a young age, and in this case it is necessary not to ignore them, but to consult a doctor.Timely prescribed treatment will support the normal function of the joints and help to avoid rapid progression of the disease.